Question 1

Which structure on a neuron is primarily responsible for increasing the speed of electrical impulse conduction along the axon?

Accepted Answer

Myelin sheath

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of smell (anosmia) after a head injury. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory nerve (I)

Question 3

Damage to the oculomotor nerve (III) can result in which of the following clinical signs?

Accepted Answer

Dilated pupil and ptosis

Question 4

Which cranial nerve is responsible for the corneal reflex (blinking when the cornea is touched)?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 5

A patient with Bell's palsy is unable to smile or close one eye tightly. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the nodes of Ranvier in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

They allow for saltatory conduction of action potentials

Question 7

A patient is unable to move their eye laterally. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Abducens nerve (VI)

Question 8

Which cranial nerve is tested by asking a patient to clench their teeth and feeling the masseter muscle?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 9

A patient with diabetes develops optic atrophy. Which cranial nerve is affected?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 10

Which equation best represents the relationship between conduction velocity ($$v) $$and axon diameter ($$d) in a $$myelinated neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$v = k 	imes \sqrt{d}$$

Question 11

A patient presents with hemianopsia (loss of half of the visual field). Which cranial nerve is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Optic nerve (II)

Question 12

Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor control of the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Question 13

A patient with a brain stem tumor is unable to move their eye down or out. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Trochlear nerve (IV)

Question 14

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of increased intracranial pressure observed during direct inspection of the eye?

Accepted Answer

Papilledema

Question 15

Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste sensation on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 16

A patient is unable to wrinkle their forehead or puff their cheeks. Which cranial nerve is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 17

Which cranial nerve is most likely affected in a patient with absent light reflex and circulatory arrest?

Accepted Answer

Oculomotor nerve (III)

Question 18

Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 19

A patient with trauma to the face has absent touch and pain sensation. Which cranial nerve is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 20

Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor control of swallowing and speech?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve (X)

A: Cranial Nerves

Study Guide - Practice Questions