Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between disinfection and sterilization in surgical instrument processing?

Accepted Answer

Sterilization destroys all forms of microbial life, including spores, while disinfection reduces the number of pathogenic organisms but may not eliminate spores.

Question 2

A surgical technologist is preparing instruments for sterilization. Which of the following parameters must be strictly controlled to ensure effective steam sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Temperature, pressure, and time

Question 3

Which chemical agent is classified as a high-level disinfectant and is commonly used for semi-critical medical devices?

Accepted Answer

Glutaraldehyde

Question 4

During instrument cleaning, which process involves the breakdown of stubborn, insoluble biological soils to make them easier to remove?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasonic cavitation

Question 5

A biological indicator is used in a steam sterilizer to monitor the effectiveness of the sterilization process. What does a positive result indicate?

Accepted Answer

The sterilization cycle failed and viable microorganisms are present.

Question 6

Which of the following is a critical consideration when packaging instruments for steam sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that the package allows steam penetration and air removal

Question 7

A surgical technologist is using an autoclave to sterilize instruments. If the temperature is set to $ 121^\circ C $ and the pressure to $ 15 $ psi, what is the minimum recommended time for complete sterilization?

Accepted Answer

$ 30 $ minutes

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'strike-through contamination' in sterile packaging?

Accepted Answer

Moisture can carry microorganisms through packaging, contaminating the sterile item.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a low-level disinfectant used in hospital settings?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary ammonium compounds

Question 10

A surgical instrument is classified as 'critical' according to Spaulding's classification. What does this mean regarding its required level of processing?

Accepted Answer

It must be sterilized because it contacts sterile tissue or the vascular system.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct sequence of phases in the instrument wash process for sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Wash, rinse, lubrication, dry, sterilizer

Question 12

A chemical indicator is placed inside a wrapped surgical tray before autoclaving. What is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

To confirm that the tray has reached the correct temperature and exposure to steam.

Question 13

Which of the following is a recommended practice for storing sterilized items to maintain sterility?

Accepted Answer

Store items in closed cabinets at controlled temperature and humidity.

Question 14

A surgical technologist is preparing a tray for autoclaving. Which wrap material provides the best barrier against moisture and microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Non-woven cellulose/polyester

Question 15

Which of the following is a key reason why air removal is important in steam sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Air removal ensures steam can contact all surfaces for effective sterilization.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a semi-critical item in Spaulding's classification?

Accepted Answer

Laryngoscope blade

Question 17

A surgical technologist is using ultrasonic cleaning for instruments. What is the main mechanism by which ultrasonic cleaning removes debris?

Accepted Answer

Cavitation creates microscopic bubbles that dislodge particles.

Question 18

Which of the following is a method of chemical sterilization used for heat-sensitive medical devices?

Accepted Answer

Ethylene oxide gas

Question 19

A package of sterile instruments is labeled with a shelf-life expiration date. What does 'time-related sterility' mean?

Accepted Answer

Sterile items have an expiration date after which sterility cannot be guaranteed.

Question 20

Which of the following is a critical factor in the placement of chemical indicators in a sterilization load?

Accepted Answer

Place indicators inside the package, in areas most difficult for steam to reach.

ST mod 5 notes

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