Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the SRY gene during embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

It triggers the differentiation of the bipotential gonad into a testis, leading to male development.

Question 2

A newborn male is diagnosed with cryptorchidism. Which of the following best describes this condition and its potential consequence if left untreated?

Accepted Answer

Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum, increasing the risk of infertility.

Question 3

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the Leydig cells to produce testosterone during spermatogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 4

During the ovarian cycle, which structure secretes progesterone to maintain the uterine lining in preparation for possible implantation?

Accepted Answer

Corpus luteum

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the bulbourethral glands in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

They produce a fluid that neutralizes traces of acidic urine in the urethra.

Question 6

A patient is exposed to a novel virus and develops immunity by producing antibodies and memory cells. Which type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Actively acquired immunity

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the pathway of sperm from production to ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Seminiferous tubules → epididymis → ductus deferens → urethra

Question 8

Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in body secretions such as saliva, tears, and breast milk, and provides protection at mucosal surfaces?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between MHC Class I and MHC Class II molecules?

Accepted Answer

MHC Class I molecules present antigens to cytotoxic T cells, while MHC Class II molecules present antigens to helper T cells.

Question 10

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after exposure to rabies. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Passive immunity

Question 11

Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of chemotaxins during the inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

They attract immune cells to the site of infection.

Question 13

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating milk ejection (let-down) during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the outcome of the complement cascade in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a membrane attack complex that lyses pathogens

Question 15

A genetic disorder affects the function of Sertoli cells in the testes. Which process would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Spermatogenesis

Question 16

Which of the following is a granulocyte and is primarily involved in fighting bacterial infections?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophil

Question 17

Which hormone is secreted by the embryo and is detected by pregnancy tests?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of opsonins in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis by immune cells.

Question 19

A woman with an X-linked genetic disorder has one affected X chromosome and one normal X chromosome. If she has a son, what is the probability he will inherit the disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of helper T cells in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

They activate B cells and cytotoxic T cells by releasing cytokines.

Development and Immunity: Study Guide for Chapters 24 & 26

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards