Question 1

Which process ensures that only one sperm fertilizes the oocyte, preventing polyspermy?

Accepted Answer

Cortical reaction (slow block)

Question 2

During fetal development, which shunt allows blood to bypass the liver and flow directly into the inferior vena cava?

Accepted Answer

Ductus venosus

Question 3

A newborn's first breath is triggered by which physiological change after birth?

Accepted Answer

Sudden buildup of carbon dioxide and drop in oxygen

Question 4

Which extraembryonic membrane is primarily responsible for forming the fetal component of the placenta?

Accepted Answer

Chorion

Question 5

A male embryo develops testes and male reproductive structures due to the presence of which gene?

Accepted Answer

SRY

Question 6

Which hormone is secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast to maintain the corpus luteum and prevent menstruation during early pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 7

During labor, which feedback mechanism is responsible for increasing uterine contractions?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback loop involving oxytocin

Question 8

Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system, epidermis, and hair?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Question 9

A child inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a trait. If the trait exhibits incomplete dominance, what will the phenotype be?

Accepted Answer

A blend or intermediate phenotype between dominant and recessive

Question 10

Which equation correctly represents the chromosome number in a diploid zygote after fertilization?

Accepted Answer

$$2n = 46$$

Question 11

A female carrier for an X-linked recessive disorder (e.g., hemophilia) has the genotype $$X^H X^h. If $$she has a son, what is the probability he will inherit the disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 12

Which stage of labor is characterized by the widening and thinning of the cervix, often accompanied by rupture of the amniotic sac?

Accepted Answer

Dilation stage

Question 13

Which fetal circulatory structure closes at birth due to increased left atrial pressure, becoming the fossa ovalis?

Accepted Answer

Foramen ovale

Question 14

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating milk production in the mammary glands after birth?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Question 15

A patient with sickle-cell anemia has the genotype $$aa. $$What inheritance pattern does this disease follow?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 16

Which extraembryonic membrane is the structural foundation of the umbilical cord and is linked to the early urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Allantois

Question 17

During the pre-embryonic stage, what is the name of the solid sphere of blastomeres formed around days 3–4?

Accepted Answer

Morula

Question 18

Which physiological change in pregnancy is most directly responsible for increased frequency of urination?

Accepted Answer

Uterine expansion compressing the bladder

Question 19

Which pattern of inheritance is exemplified by ABO blood typing, where both A and B alleles are equally expressed?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 20

Which phase of breast milk is produced in the first few days postpartum and is rich in immunoglobulins?

Accepted Answer

Colostrum

Development and Inheritance: A Comprehensive Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards