Question 1

During embryonic development, which layer of tissue thickens to form the neural plate, eventually giving rise to the entire central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Ectoderm

Question 2

Which adult brain structure develops from the myelencephalon during embryonic development?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Question 3

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the precentral gyrus of the left frontal lobe. Which function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary movement of the right side of the body

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

It connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them.

Question 5

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

Postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Relay of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex

Question 7

A lesion in the Broca's area would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in producing fluent speech

Question 8

Which structure is responsible for the coordination and balance of voluntary muscle movements?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 9

If a patient has difficulty recognizing faces and interpreting emotional expressions, which area of the brain is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Right hemisphere of the cerebrum

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the limbic system is correct?

Accepted Answer

It plays a key role in emotions, motivation, and memory.

Question 11

A patient presents with loss of fine touch and proprioception on the left side of the body. Which area of the brain is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Right primary somatosensory cortex

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Subconscious control of skeletal muscle tone and coordination of learned movement patterns

Question 13

The diencephalon is NOT visible from the external surface of the brain because it is completely covered by which structure?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum

Question 14

Which of the following correctly matches a brain region with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum – coordination of voluntary movements and balance

Question 15

A patient is unable to interpret written and spoken language, but can still speak fluently. Which area is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between brain mass ($M$), body mass ($B$), and the percentage of neural tissue in the brain ($P$)?

Accepted Answer

$P = \frac{M}{B} 	imes 100$

Question 17

Damage to the superior colliculi in the midbrain would most likely result in which of the following deficits?

Accepted Answer

Impaired visual reflexes and head-eye coordination

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of homeostatic functions such as hunger, thirst, and body temperature

Question 19

A patient with a tumor compressing the pineal gland may experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of sleep-wake cycles

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the prefrontal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Involvement in conscious thought, decision making, and personality

Development and Structure of the Central Nervous System

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