Question 1

Which of the following best describes the cephalocaudal pattern of physical growth in infancy?

Accepted Answer

Growth occurs from the head downward toward the rest of the body.

Question 2

A researcher is interested in studying how language abilities change from infancy to adolescence. Which research design would best allow her to examine changes within the same individuals over time?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal design

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a teratogen and its potential effect on prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol, which can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Question 4

According to Piaget’s theory, which stage is characterized by the development of symbolic thought and egocentrism?

Accepted Answer

Preoperational stage

Question 5

A child is born at 34 weeks gestation and weighs 1,800 grams. Which of the following risks is this child most likely to face?

Accepted Answer

Higher risk of respiratory distress and infection

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the nature vs. nurture debate in human development?

Accepted Answer

Whether intelligence is influenced more by genetics or by environment

Question 7

A mother experiences sadness and mood swings for two weeks after giving birth, but her symptoms resolve without intervention. This is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Postpartum blues

Question 8

Which of the following statements about REM sleep in infancy is correct?

Accepted Answer

Infants spend a greater proportion of their sleep in REM than adults.

Question 9

A child with dyslexia is most likely to experience difficulty with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Reading and interpreting written words

Question 10

Which of the following best describes Vygotsky’s view of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Social interaction and cultural context are fundamental to cognitive development.

Question 11

A researcher is comparing the intelligence scores of 5-year-olds, 10-year-olds, and 15-year-olds at the same point in time. Which research design is being used?

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional design

Question 12

Which of the following is a critical period for the development of the central nervous system during prenatal development?

Accepted Answer

Weeks 3 to 16 of gestation

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the proximodistal pattern of development?

Accepted Answer

Development proceeds from the center of the body outward toward the extremities.

Question 14

A child in the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s theory is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

Think logically about concrete events

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of the impact of parenting style on child development?

Accepted Answer

Children of authoritative parents tend to have higher self-esteem and better social skills.

Question 16

Which of the following equations best represents the interaction between genetic and environmental influences on a trait?

Accepted Answer

$P = G + E$

Question 17

A 3-year-old child is able to use simple sentences and understands basic grammar. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Language development in early childhood

Question 18

Which of the following is a potential consequence of preterm birth?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of developing learning disabilities

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between postpartum blues and postpartum depression?

Accepted Answer

Postpartum blues are mild and short-lived, while postpartum depression is more severe and persistent.

Question 20

A child’s ability to focus attention and control impulses is most closely related to which aspect of development?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive development

Developmental Psychology: Lifespan, Infancy, and Childhood Study Guide

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