Question 1

Which of the following lists ONLY accessory organs of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Liver, Salivary glands, Pancreas, Teeth, Tongue

Question 2

Which movement of the alimentary canal is primarily responsible for propelling food forward, and in which layer of the GI tract does this occur?

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis; muscularis externa

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a mesentery?

Accepted Answer

A double layer of peritoneum that anchors and supports abdominal organs

Question 4

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system stimulates digestive activity, and which inhibits it?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic stimulates; sympathetic inhibits

Question 5

Which of the following organs is retroperitoneal?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Question 6

Which secretion enters the duodenum at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

Accepted Answer

Bile and pancreatic juice

Question 7

Where are pancreatic enzymes activated, and why is this location important?

Accepted Answer

In the duodenum; to prevent autodigestion of the pancreas

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Question 9

What is the main advantage of the stomach's low pH (caused by HCl secretion)?

Accepted Answer

It denatures proteins and activates pepsinogen to pepsin

Question 10

How does the stomach protect itself from its own acid and digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

By secreting a thick layer of alkaline mucus

Question 11

During which phase of gastric secretion does the presence of fatty chyme in the duodenum inhibit further gastric secretion?

Accepted Answer

Intestinal phase

Question 12

Which hormone is secreted by G cells in the stomach and stimulates gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Question 13

What is the function of bile juice in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Emulsifies fats to increase surface area for lipase action

Question 14

Which part of the intestine is primarily responsible for reabsorbing bile salts during enterohepatic circulation?

Accepted Answer

Ileum

Question 15

What is the final form in which carbohydrates are absorbed into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, galactose, fructose)

Question 16

Which digestive organs produce enzymes that act on proteins?

Accepted Answer

Stomach and pancreas

Question 17

What is the common term for all protein-digesting enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Proteases

Question 18

In what form do lipids enter the lacteal after digestion in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Chylomicrons

Question 19

Which of the following best describes how lipids are absorbed into enterocytes?

Accepted Answer

As micelles, which diffuse across the plasma membrane

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the gut bacterial flora?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing certain vitamins such as vitamin K

Digestive System & Accessory Organs: Guided Study for ANP

Study Guide - Practice Questions