Question 1

Which hormone is secreted by the heart in response to high blood pressure and is approximately 10 times more potent than brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)?

Accepted Answer

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 2

A patient presents with low blood oxygen levels. Which hormone is most likely to be secreted by the kidneys in response, and what is its primary effect?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin; stimulates red blood cell production

Question 3

Which hormone is produced by osteoblasts in response to insulin and helps restrict fat storage and reduce body fat?

Accepted Answer

Osteocalcin

Question 4

Cholecalciferol produced by the skin is converted to its active form, calcitriol, by which organs?

Accepted Answer

Kidneys and liver

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the thymus that promotes T cell production?

Accepted Answer

Osteocalcin

Question 6

Which hormone is released by the stomach when it is empty and increases feelings of hunger?

Accepted Answer

Ghrelin

Question 7

GLP1 receptor agonists are used to treat diabetes because they mimic the effects of GLP1. Which of the following is NOT an effect of GLP1?

Accepted Answer

Increases gastric motility

Question 8

Which environmental endocrine disruptor is commonly found in plastics and mimics estrogen, potentially leading to disrupted puberty and reproductive cancers?

Accepted Answer

Bisphenol A (BPA)

Question 9

A patient with high blood pressure is found to have increased sodium excretion. Which hormone is most likely responsible for this effect?

Accepted Answer

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between T3 and T4 in thyroid hormone testing?

Accepted Answer

T4 is more stable and has a longer half-life than T3

Question 11

Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure and activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway?

Accepted Answer

Renin

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-world example of a socioeconomic health determinant related to endocrine disruption?

Accepted Answer

Higher urinary levels of di-ethyl phthalate in Black women due to beauty product marketing

Question 13

Which hormone is released by the intestine in response to food and stimulates the release of digestive enzymes and bile?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of calcitriol?

Accepted Answer

Increases intestinal absorption of calcium

Question 15

Which type of stimulus is responsible for hormone release in response to changes in blood levels of ions or nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Humoral stimulus

Question 16

A patient is exposed to atrazine, a common herbicide. Which endocrine effect is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of testosterone to estrogen

Question 17

Which hormone is released by the stomach in response to food and increases stomach acid content and motility?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of osteocalcin?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates the pancreas to secrete more insulin

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why T4 is preferred for blood tests over T3?

Accepted Answer

T4 is more stable and has a longer half-life

Question 20

Which hormone is released by the intestine in response to food and inhibits stomach acid production?

Accepted Answer

Secretin

Endocrine System: Hormones, Organs, and Environmental Influences (Review)

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