Q: A researcher is studying the effect of $\text{FSH}$ and $\text{LH}$ on ovarian follicles. Which of the following best describes their interaction?

$\text{FSH}$ stimulates follicle growth, $\text{LH}$ triggers ovulation

Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating ovulation in females and is produced by the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 2

A patient has abnormally low bone density and muscle mass. Which hormone deficiency is most likely responsible, and which gland produces it?

Accepted Answer

Growth Hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland

Question 3

During pregnancy, which hormone increases to maintain the uterine lining and prevent contractions, and where is it produced?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone from the ovaries

Question 4

Which hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics such as increased muscle mass and a deeper voice in males?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 5

A person who works night shifts and is exposed to bright light at night may have disrupted sleep patterns. Which hormone is most likely affected and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin; regulates the sleep-wake cycle

Question 6

Which hormone is secreted by the endothelium and acts as a vasodilator to lower blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide

Question 7

A male patient has low sperm count and reduced muscle mass. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 8

Which hormone is released in response to darkness and suppressed by light, especially blue light?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 9

A female patient is experiencing irregular menstrual cycles. Which two hormones from the pituitary gland are most likely involved in regulating her cycle?

Accepted Answer

FSH and LH

Question 10

Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland and helps regulate circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 11

A researcher is studying the effect of $	ext{FSH}$ and $	ext{LH}$ on ovarian follicles. Which of the following best describes their interaction?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{FSH}$ stimulates follicle growth, $	ext{LH}$ triggers ovulation

Question 12

Which hormone is primarily responsible for preparing the uterus for implantation during the menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Question 13

A patient has high blood pressure due to reduced vasodilation. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide

Question 14

Which hormone is involved in both bone growth and muscle development, and is released by the pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

Growth Hormone (GH)

Question 15

A 16-year-old male is experiencing increased muscle mass, deepening of the voice, and facial hair growth. Which hormone is primarily responsible for these changes?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Question 16

Which hormone is secreted in response to low light and helps promote sleep?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 17

A patient is being treated for infertility. Which hormone, if deficient, would most likely impair follicle development in the ovaries?

Accepted Answer

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

Question 18

Which hormone is produced by the ovaries and is essential for the development of female secondary sex characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Question 19

A patient with a tumor in the pineal gland is experiencing insomnia. Which hormone's production is most likely disrupted?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 20

Which hormone is released by the endothelium and acts as a signaling molecule to relax smooth muscle in blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide

Endocrine System: Hormones, Organs, and Functions

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