Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the posterior pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

It stores and releases hormones made by the hypothalamus.

Question 2

A patient has a mutation that prevents peptide hormones from binding to their receptors. Which cellular process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Activation of second messenger systems

Question 3

Which hormone type is derived from cholesterol and typically acts by altering gene expression in the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormones

Question 4

A researcher is studying a hormone with a half-life of 20 minutes. If the initial concentration is 80 ng/mL, what will the concentration be after 40 minutes?

$$C = C_0$ 	imes (\frac{1}{2}$$)^{t/t_{1/2}$$}$$

Accepted Answer

20 ng/mL

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of a trophic hormone interaction?

Accepted Answer

TSH stimulating the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones

Question 6

Which gland is primarily responsible for regulating blood calcium levels, and what is the effect of its hormone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid gland; increases calcium

Question 7

A patient is given a synthetic peptide hormone. Which of the following is most likely true about its mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

It binds to membrane receptors and activates second messengers.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system is correct?

Accepted Answer

It allows hypothalamic hormones to directly reach the anterior pituitary.

Question 9

Which hormone is incorrectly matched with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid — calcium increase

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a permissive hormone interaction?

Accepted Answer

One hormone must be present for another to exert its full effect.

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding prohormones?

Accepted Answer

They are inactive precursors that become active peptide hormones.

Question 12

A patient with a tumor in the anterior pituitary is most likely to have abnormal levels of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

TSH

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormones bind to membrane receptors.

Question 14

Which hormone type is most likely to have a rapid onset of action and a short half-life?

Accepted Answer

Peptide hormones

Question 15

A patient is given a drug that blocks the action of all second messenger systems. Which hormone type would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Peptide hormones

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a synergistic hormone interaction?

Accepted Answer

Two hormones produce the same effect, and the effect is stronger together.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Storing hormones for later release

Question 18

Which hormone is released from the adrenal medulla and is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 19

Which of the following statements about hormone half-life is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the time for 50% of a hormone to be removed from the blood.

Question 20

Which of the following is a common misconception about the posterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

That it makes its own hormones

Endocrine System Quick Review (Chapter 7 Core Concepts)

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