$\text{Atomic mass} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback opposes changes to maintain stability, while positive feedback enhances changes until a specific outcome is achieved.

Question 2

A patient is lying face up on an examination table. What is the anatomical position of the patient?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 3

Which serous membrane directly covers the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pericardium

Question 4

Which abdominal pelvic region is located directly below the umbilical region?

Accepted Answer

Hypogastric (pubic) region

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Inability to respond to stimuli

Question 6

A transverse section of the body divides it into which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Superior and inferior portions

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies their function.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 9

Given the chemical formula $\mathrm{H_2O}$, how many hydrogen and oxygen atoms are present in one molecule?

Accepted Answer

2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Question 10

Which of the following is an inorganic molecule?

Accepted Answer

Water ($\mathrm{H_2O}$)

Question 11

If an atom has 6 electrons, how many electrons are in its outermost (valence) shell?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions when a red blood cell is placed in each?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic: cell remains unchanged; Hypotonic: cell swells; Hypertonic: cell shrinks

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of material entry and exit

Question 14

Which macromolecule is composed of nucleotides and stores genetic information?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for ATP production in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 16

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 17

Which process involves the engulfment of large particles by the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Atomic mass} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$

Question 20

Which body cavity contains the heart and lungs?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic cavity

Essential Concepts in Anatomy & Physiology: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions