Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of structural organization in the human body from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Atom-Organelle-Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ System-Organism

Question 2

Homeostasis is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes outside the body

Question 3

Which three components work together in a typical negative feedback control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Receptor, Control Center, Effector

Question 4

A patient is lying face up with arms at their sides and palms facing forward. What anatomical position is this?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 5

Which two organ systems are most crucial for maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine and Nervous

Question 6

Which directional term describes a structure that is closer to the head than another structure?

Accepted Answer

Superior

Question 7

Which of the following is the most important form of energy for body functioning?

Accepted Answer

Chemical

Question 8

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and shrinks. What type of solution is it in?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between catabolic and anabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic reactions release energy; anabolic reactions require energy

Question 10

Which element makes up over 96% of the mass of the human body along with carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 12

What is the pH range of normal human blood?

Accepted Answer

$7.35-7.45$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules through channels that open and close, without energy input

Question 14

Which of the following is a major function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Cell shape and movement

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for ATP production in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 16

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids produce solid fats typical of animal fats; unsaturated fatty acids produce liquid oils typical of plant fats

Question 18

Which phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes lining up at the middle of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 19

Which of the following is true about protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation is caused by extreme temperature or pH changes

Question 20

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the double helix and exposing the bases?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions