Question 1

Which of the following best differentiates anatomy from physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, while physiology is the study of how those parts function.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the six levels of organization in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Atomic

Question 3

Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Circulatory system

Question 4

A negative feedback loop in homeostasis is best exemplified by which of the following scenarios?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels by insulin

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

Question 6

Water has several special properties. Which property allows it to dissolve many substances, making it an excellent solvent?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form hydrogen bonds

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the dehydration synthesis reaction that forms a peptide bond between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Amino\ acid}_1 + \mathrm{Amino\ acid}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{Dipeptide} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated lipids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Saturated lipids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, making them solid at room temperature.

Question 9

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA polymerase during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a template strand

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of passive transport across biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input

Question 12

Which of the following best explains the difference between carrier-mediated transport and vesicular transport?

Accepted Answer

Carrier-mediated transport involves proteins that change shape to move substances, while vesicular transport uses membrane-bound vesicles.

Question 13

Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the glycocalyx on the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Cell recognition and protection

Question 15

Which of the following best distinguishes kinetic energy from potential energy in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy is energy of motion, while potential energy is stored energy due to position or structure.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a condensation (dehydration synthesis) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{Glucose} + \mathrm{Fructose} \rightarrow \mathrm{Sucrose} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in a cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA $\rightarrow$ RNA $\rightarrow$ Protein

Question 20

Which of the following is a polymer formed from nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Foundations of Anatomy & Physiology: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions