Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force exerted by gravity on that mass.

Question 2

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

Question 3

Catabolic reactions are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reactions that release energy by breaking down molecules into smaller units.

Question 4

Which of the following equations best represents a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + H_2O \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 5

A solution with a pH of 8.5 is considered:

Accepted Answer

Alkaline

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of lipids in the body?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why the internal body temperature is maintained at approximately 37°C?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic reactions in the body function optimally at this temperature.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a major organic compound found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Question 9

Which process is responsible for synthesizing organic compounds by removing water?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of phosphorylation in energy production?

Accepted Answer

It transfers terminal phosphates to energize other molecules.

Question 11

A patient’s blood pH is measured at 7.07. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

The blood is slightly acidic.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about anabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

They are endergonic and involve the formation of new chemical bonds.

Question 13

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 14

Lactose is broken down into glucose and galactose by which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the high heat capacity of water?

Accepted Answer

Water can absorb or release large amounts of heat with little change in its own temperature.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a fibrous protein and its function?

Accepted Answer

Collagen, providing tensile strength to connective tissues

Question 17

Which of the following best describes denaturation of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A change in shape and loss of function due to environmental changes

Question 18

Which molecule is responsible for the construction and production of proteins?

Accepted Answer

RNA

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet formations

Question 20

Which of the following is a globular protein and its function?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme, catalyzing biochemical reactions

Fundamental Chemical Principles in Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions