Question 1

Which of the following best describes the concept of homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

The process by which the body maintains a relatively constant internal environment despite external changes.

Question 2

A cell or organ that responds to the directions of the control center in a negative feedback loop is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Effector

Question 3

When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature rises above the normal range. Which of the following best describes the role of sweat glands in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

They act as effectors, increasing sweat production to help lower body temperature.

Question 4

A mother breastfeeding her infant is an example of which type of feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback loop

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose levels by insulin and glucagon

Question 6

If the set point for body temperature is $$37^\circ C$$ and a person’s temperature rises to $$39^\circ C$$, which of the following responses would most likely occur as part of a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Increased sweating and vasodilation to promote heat loss

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why positive feedback loops are less common than negative feedback loops in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback loops tend to move the system away from homeostasis, potentially leading to instability.

Question 8

A patient is experiencing hypothermia. Which of the following physiological responses is most likely to occur as part of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Shivering to increase heat production

Question 9

Which of the following statements about effectors in a feedback loop is correct?

Accepted Answer

Effectors carry out the response directed by the control center to restore homeostasis.

Question 10

During childbirth, the hormone oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, which in turn cause more oxytocin to be released. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A positive feedback loop

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of receptors in a feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

They detect changes in the internal or external environment.

Question 12

A person’s blood glucose level rises after eating a meal. Which of the following best describes the sequence of events that follows in a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas detects high glucose, releases insulin, cells take up glucose, blood glucose decreases.

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the concept of homeostasis as a dynamic equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$Set\ Point + (Response\ to\ Stimulus) = Homeostasis$$

Question 14

A patient with diabetes mellitus is unable to produce enough insulin. Which part of the negative feedback loop is malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

The effector

Question 15

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a failure of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A person’s body temperature remains elevated at $$40^\circ C$$ for several hours after a fever.

Fundamental Concepts in Anatomy & Physiology: Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms

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