Question 1

Which of the following best describes the hierarchical organization of the human body from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 2

A patient is experiencing dehydration. Which membrane property is most important for regulating water movement between compartments?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability of the plasma membrane

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of a negative feedback mechanism in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

Which equation best represents the relationship between osmotic pressure ($$\Pi$$), solute concentration ($$C$$), gas constant ($$R$$), and temperature ($$T$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = CRT$$

Question 5

A cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. What type of solution was the cell placed in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Protection and absorption

Question 7

Which of the following statements about hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic molecules are soluble in water, while hydrophobic molecules are not.

Question 8

Which tissue type is primarily responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 9

A person touches a hot stove and quickly withdraws their hand. Which organ system is primarily responsible for this response?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cells are tightly packed with little extracellular matrix

Question 12

A patient has a genetic mutation affecting the sodium-potassium pump. Which equation best describes the energy requirement for this pump?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP \rightarrow ADP + P_i$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of a positive feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Release of oxytocin during childbirth

Question 14

Which organ system is most directly involved in the integration and coordination of body functions?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the cell membrane is described as a 'fluid mosaic'?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of a variety of proteins and lipids that move freely within the bilayer

Question 16

A person is exposed to a cold environment. Which physiological process helps maintain their core body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback involving shivering and vasoconstriction

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the muscular system?

Accepted Answer

Movement and heat production

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between action potentials and graded potentials?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials are all-or-none, while graded potentials vary in magnitude

Question 19

Which of the following is a major function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Protection against environmental hazards

Question 20

A patient is unable to maintain homeostasis due to a malfunction in their feedback mechanisms. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Disruption of internal environment leading to disease

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology: Tissues, Membranes, and Homeostasis

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