Question 1

A patient is admitted with a stab wound that penetrates the thoracic cavity. Which serous membrane is most likely to be affected, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Pleura; to prevent friction between the lungs and thoracic wall

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

The body is erect with feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, and thumbs pointing away from the body.

Question 3

A scientist is studying the microscopic structure of kidney cells. Which subdivision of anatomy is she using?

Accepted Answer

Microscopic anatomy

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct order of components in a homeostatic control system?

Accepted Answer

Receptor, control center, effector

Question 5

Which of the following statements about energy is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Energy 'lost' during an energy conversion refers to the energy that cannot be used to do work.

Question 6

A solution has a pH of 8.37. How would you classify this solution?

Accepted Answer

Alkaline solution

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds easily dissociate in water?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules physically break the bonds between the oppositely charged ions in the compound.

Question 8

Which of the following is a chemical that has an amine group and an organic acid group, but does not contain a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid

Question 9

Which of the following organ systems function as control systems, communicating with other cells and organs to regulate their activities?

Accepted Answer

Nervous and endocrine systems

Question 10

A patient with type 1 diabetes is unable to produce insulin. Which of the following statements regarding insulin is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Insulin is the chemical messenger released from the pancreas when blood sugar is too high.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the polarity of covalent bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Small atoms with 6 or 7 valence shell electrons tend to be electronegative.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

A structural variation in which different atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle?

Accepted Answer

Element

Question 14

Which of the following is a fundamental subatomic particle that forms elements?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding the pH scale is correct?

Accepted Answer

The pH scale is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best description of the function of serous fluid?

Accepted Answer

It enables organs, such as the heart and the stomach, to slide across cavity walls and each other without friction.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct ranking of chemical bonds from weakest to strongest?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hydrogen} \u003c 	ext{Ionic} \u003c 	ext{Covalent}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about protein structure is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Secondary protein structures involve hydrogen bonding between amine and carboxyl groups.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the law of mass balance as applied to human physiology?

Accepted Answer

The amount of fluid lost from the body must be replaced by an equal amount taken in.

Question 20

Which of the following is the major function of DNA?

Accepted Answer

To provide the genetic instructions for protein synthesis.

Fundamentals of Human Anatomy & Physiology: Orientation, Chemistry, and Body Organization

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