$$Weight = Mass \times Gravity$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemical element?

Accepted Answer

A fundamental unit of matter that cannot be broken down into other substances.

Question 2

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of the human body’s mass?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon

Question 3

Which subatomic particle is found outside the nucleus and has a negative charge?

Accepted Answer

Electron

Question 4

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 6, Mass number: 12

Question 5

Which formula correctly expresses the relationship between mass, gravity, and weight?

Accepted Answer

$$Weight = Mass 	imes Gravity$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why isotopes of an element have different mass numbers?

Accepted Answer

They have different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

A patient’s blood pH is measured at 7.2. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The blood is acidic.

Question 8

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 9

Which of the following is a real-world example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule

Question 10

Which statement best describes the octet rule in relation to chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in their outer shell.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about acids and bases in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Acids increase the concentration of hydrogen ions ($$H^+) in $$solution.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between organic and inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen, while inorganic compounds may lack carbon.

Question 13

A molecule of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) is classified as which type of compound?

Accepted Answer

Organic compound

Question 14

Which of the following best explains the role of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain pH stability by neutralizing excess acids or bases.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the number of neutrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of neutrons} = 	ext{Mass number} - 	ext{Atomic number}$$

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of electrons in chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared or transferred to form chemical bonds.

Question 17

A solution has a pH of 9. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is basic (alkaline).

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about atomic structure?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are found in energy levels outside the nucleus.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between sodium and chloride in table salt

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following pH values would most likely be observed in their blood?

Accepted Answer

pH 7.6

Fundamentals of Matter and Atomic Structure in Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions