Q: Which equation best describes the relationship between the number of neuroglia and neurons in the CNS?

$N_{neuroglia} = 10 \times N_{neurons}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To relay information and integrate all body functions

Question 2

A patient presents with loss of voluntary movement but retains involuntary functions such as breathing. Which division of the nervous system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 3

Which type of neuron is responsible for transmitting impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Question 4

What is the correct order of information flow in a simple reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron → Interneuron → Motor neuron

Question 5

Which glial cell type is responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Question 6

A demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis primarily affects which cell type in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 7

Which property allows neurons to respond to a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Irritability

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of microglia in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Act as immune cells and remove debris

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between a nerve and a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A neuron is a single cell, while a nerve is a bundle of axonal processes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the Nodes of Ranvier?

Accepted Answer

Sites of saltatory conduction and high metabolic activity

Question 11

A nerve tract named 'spinothalamic' is most likely:

Accepted Answer

An ascending sensory tract

Question 12

Which equation best represents the propagation of an action potential along a myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

$V_{node} = V_{initial}$ (non-decremental conduction)

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the spinal meninges?

Accepted Answer

Protect the spinal cord and circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Question 14

Which glial cell type is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between afferent and efferent nerve fibers?

Accepted Answer

Afferent fibers carry sensory signals toward the brain; efferent fibers carry motor signals away from the brain

Question 16

Which type of neuron is most likely to be found connecting sensory and motor neurons within the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Interneuron

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE about myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

They appear white due to the lipoprotein-rich myelin sheath

Question 18

Which equation best describes the relationship between the number of neuroglia and neurons in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

$N_{neuroglia} = 10 	imes N_{neurons}$

Question 19

A patient with a tumor affecting highly mitotic cells in the CNS is most likely to have a tumor originating from which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Glial cells

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of damage to the dorsal root of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensory input from the affected area

Fundamentals of Neurology: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

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