Question 1

Which of the following best describes the integrative function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Processing and interpreting sensory input to determine an appropriate response

Question 2

Which neuroglia cell type is responsible for forming myelin sheaths around axons in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 3

A patient presents with a loss of sensation in the skin of their right arm. Which type of neuron is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Sensory neuron

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly relates current ($$I$$), voltage ($$V$$), and resistance ($$R) in a $$neuron?

Accepted Answer

$$V = I 	imes R$$

Question 5

During the resting membrane potential, which ion has the greatest permeability across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Potassium ($$K^+)$$

Question 6

A stimulus causes the membrane potential to change from $$-70 mV to$$ $$-85 mV. $$What does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization of the membrane

Question 7

Which type of graded potential is produced in a neuron that is stimulated by a neurotransmitter released by another neuron?

Accepted Answer

Postsynaptic potential

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE regarding action potentials?

Accepted Answer

They are all-or-none phenomena and propagate without decrement

Question 9

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To insulate axons and increase the speed of action potential conduction

Question 10

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a neurotransmitter binding to its receptor on the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

Chemically gated channel

Question 11

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to demyelination of axons. Which process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Saltatory conduction

Question 12

Which of the following neurotransmitters is generally inhibitory in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

Question 13

Which statement best describes the absolute refractory period of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated sodium channels are open and another action potential cannot be generated

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between electrical and chemical synapses?

Accepted Answer

Electrical synapses allow direct ion flow between cells via gap junctions

Question 15

Which pattern of neural circuit is represented by a pathway where one neuron synapses with several neurons, each of which may synapse with more?

Accepted Answer

Diverging circuit

Question 16

Which of the following would most likely increase the conduction velocity of an action potential along an axon?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the thickness of the myelin sheath

Question 17

Which of the following is a biogenic amine neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 18

A postsynaptic potential that depolarizes the membrane and brings it closer to threshold is called:

Accepted Answer

Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes spatial summation?

Accepted Answer

Several synapses located at different sites on the postsynaptic neuron are activated simultaneously

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is correct?

Accepted Answer

It helps maintain the resting membrane potential by moving $$3$$ $$Na^+$$ out and $$2$$ $$K^+ in $$per ATP hydrolyzed

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue: Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions