Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the myelin sheath in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It protects the axon and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Question 2

A patient presents with slowed nerve impulse conduction in peripheral nerves. Which cell type is most likely dysfunctional?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 3

Which of the following statements about Nodes of Ranvier is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are gaps in the myelin sheath where axon collaterals can emerge.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents Ohm's Law as applied to nerve conduction?

Accepted Answer

$$I = \frac{V}{R}$$

Question 5

A neuron is classified as multipolar. Which of the following best describes its structure?

Accepted Answer

It has one axon and multiple dendrites.

Question 6

Which type of ion channel opens in response to a neurotransmitter binding to its receptor?

Accepted Answer

Chemically gated (ligand-gated) channel

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin electrically insulates axons, allowing impulses to jump between Nodes of Ranvier.

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding the resting membrane potential of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It is maintained by differences in ion concentration and permeability across the plasma membrane.

Question 9

A neuron in the retina is most likely to be classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the direction of impulse transmission in sensory (afferent) neurons?

Accepted Answer

From sensory receptors toward or into the CNS

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about oligodendrocytes?

Accepted Answer

They can myelinate multiple axons at once in the CNS.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a property of action potentials in neurons?

Accepted Answer

They vary in amplitude depending on the strength of the stimulus.

Question 13

A patient has damage to white matter in the CNS. Which of the following is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Regions with dense collections of myelinated fibers

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the movement of ions when a gated ion channel opens?

Accepted Answer

Ions move along their electrochemical gradient.

Question 15

Which type of neuron is most abundant in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neurons

Question 16

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the function of a mechanically gated ion channel?

Accepted Answer

A sensory receptor opens its ion channel in response to physical pressure.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the difference between white matter and gray matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

White matter contains dense collections of myelinated fibers; gray matter contains mostly neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers.

Question 18

A neuron is classified as an interneuron. Which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

It shuttles signals between sensory and motor neurons within the CNS.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship among current, voltage, and resistance in a neuron according to Ohm's Law?

Accepted Answer

Current decreases as resistance increases, if voltage is constant.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct example of a chemically gated ion channel in action?

Accepted Answer

A K+ channel opens when acetylcholine binds to its receptor at the motor end plate.

Fundamentals of the Nervous System & Nervous Tissue (Chapter 11B) – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions