$$Q_{O_2$} = CO \times (Arterial [O_2$] - Venous [O_2$])$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the PRIMARY factor affecting the rate of gas exchange across the alveolar-capillary membrane?

Accepted Answer

Concentration gradient

Question 2

A patient with pulmonary edema is likely to experience hypoxia due to which physiological change?

Accepted Answer

Increased diffusion distance between alveoli and blood

Question 3

According to the Fick equation, which of the following correctly represents oxygen consumption ($$Q_{O_2$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Q_{O_2$} = CO 	imes (Arterial [O_2$] - Venous [O_2$])$$

Question 4

Which of the following conditions would most likely result in hypoxic hypoxia?

Accepted Answer

High altitude with low inspired O$$_2$$ content

Question 5

A person overdoses on a CNS depressant. Which of the following is the most likely effect on alveolar ventilation?

Accepted Answer

Hypoventilation

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the Bohr effect?

Accepted Answer

A shift in the hemoglobin saturation curve resulting from a change in pH

Question 7

Which of the following equations correctly represents the conversion of CO$$_2 to $$bicarbonate in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_2CO_3 \rightarrow $$HCO_3^- + H$$^+$$

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of low alveolar P$$_{O_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Hyperventilation

Question 9

If a patient has a decreased amount of alveolar surface area, which disease is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema

Question 10

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin and oxygen binding is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin binds 98% of oxygen in the blood

Question 11

A patient with chronic hypoxia will likely have increased production of which molecule in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct normal value for arterial P$$_{O_2$} in $$pulmonary medicine?

Accepted Answer

95 mm Hg

Question 13

Which of the following is the major form in which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Converted to bicarbonate ion

Question 14

Which of the following factors would most likely increase the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Increased total number of hemoglobin binding sites

Question 15

A shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right indicates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

Question 16

Which of the following is a consequence of increased airway resistance in asthma?

Accepted Answer

Low alveolar P$$_{O_2$}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence for oxygen transport from the lungs to the tissues?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$ enters blood at alveolar-capillary interface → O$$_2 is $$transported in plasma or bound to hemoglobin → O$$_2$$ diffuses into cells

Question 18

Which of the following variables is NOT directly regulated by the body to avoid hypoxia and hypercapnia?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why CO$$_2 is $$more soluble in plasma than O$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$ interacts more readily with water molecules

Ch 18 A - Gas Exchange and Transport: Study Notes for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions