$$\text{Bone Mass} = \text{Mineral Deposition} - \text{Resorption}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bones in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

Which hormone is secreted by bones and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Osteocalcin; regulates bone growth and glucose metabolism

Question 3

A patient presents with a fracture in the femur. Based on bone classification, which type of bone is the femur?

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Scapula

Question 5

Compact bone is characterized by which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

Forms the outer layer of bones and is dense

Question 6

Spongy bone differs from compact bone in that it:

Accepted Answer

Contains trabeculae and spaces filled with bone marrow

Question 7

In long bones, where is spongy bone primarily located?

Accepted Answer

In the epiphyses

Question 8

What is diploë and where is it found?

Accepted Answer

The spongy bone layer between two layers of compact bone in flat bones

Question 9

Which statement best describes the difference in bone marrow between children and adults?

Accepted Answer

Adults have red marrow only in flat bones, while children have red marrow in most bones

Question 10

Which bone marking is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Tuberosity: site of ligament or tendon attachment

Question 11

Which bone cell is responsible for bone resorption and originates from hematopoietic stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 12

Which component of an osteon contains blood vessels and nerves?

Accepted Answer

Central (Haversian) canal

Question 13

A bone injury damages the perforating (Volkmann’s) canals. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced blood supply to osteons from the periosteum

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass, mineral deposition, and resorption?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone Mass} = 	ext{Mineral Deposition} - 	ext{Resorption}$$

Question 15

A patient with osteoporosis has increased activity of which bone cell, and what is the effect?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast; increased bone resorption

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae, allowing communication and nutrient exchange between osteocytes

Question 17

A long bone fracture in a child is more likely to affect which type of bone marrow, and what is the consequence?

Accepted Answer

Red marrow; impaired blood cell production

Question 18

Which bone marking would most likely be involved in the articulation of two bones?

Accepted Answer

Condyle

Question 19

If the concentric lamellae of an osteon are damaged, which property of bone is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Ability to resist torsion and mechanical stress

Question 20

A patient with a mutation affecting osteoblast function would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone formation and increased risk of fractures

Guided Study for Bone Structure and Function (ANP Course)

Study Guide - Practice Questions