Q: Which equation best represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in muscle cells?

$$\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\text{CO}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} + 32\text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which event occurs first during excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Generation of an action potential in the sarcolemma

Question 2

During the cross-bridge cycle, what is the immediate effect of ATP binding to myosin?

Accepted Answer

Myosin releases from actin

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 4

A muscle fiber is stimulated repeatedly at a high frequency, resulting in a sustained contraction. Which phenomenon is this?

Accepted Answer

Temporal (wave) summation

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other, shortening the sarcomere

Question 6

Which organelle stores the highest concentration of Ca$$^{2+} in $$skeletal muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

A muscle fiber is stretched to 150% of its resting length before contraction. According to the length-tension relationship, what is the expected contractile force?

Accepted Answer

Reduced force due to decreased overlap of actin and myosin

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of ATP in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Directly binding to troponin to initiate contraction

Question 9

Which pathway produces the most ATP per glucose molecule in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic cellular respiration

Question 10

A patient is unable to generate strong muscle contractions despite normal muscle length. Which factor is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Number of motor units recruited

Question 11

Which muscle fiber type is best suited for endurance activities such as marathon running?

Accepted Answer

Slow oxidative fibers

Question 12

During isometric contraction, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tension increases but length does not change

Question 13

Which of the following best explains rigor mortis at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

Lack of ATP prevents myosin from detaching from actin

Question 14

Which structure is responsible for transmitting the action potential deep into the muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

T-tubules

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the action potential in a neuron compared to a muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

Both propagate in multiple directions, but muscle cell action potentials are slower

Question 16

Which equation best represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6	ext{CO}_2 + 6	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 32	ext{ATP}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of myoglobin in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Stores oxygen for use during contraction

Question 18

A muscle cell is using direct phosphorylation to generate ATP. Which equation represents this process?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Creatine phosphate} + 	ext{ADP} ightarrow 	ext{Creatine} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 19

Which factor does NOT contribute to the force of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Type of neurotransmitter released

Question 20

Which statement best describes recruitment in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Activating additional motor units to increase contractile force

Guided Study for Chapter 9: Muscles and Muscle Tissue (ANP)

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