Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form an impermeable seal between adjacent cells, preventing passage of substances.

Question 2

Which component of the extracellular matrix is primarily responsible for attracting water molecules and providing tissue hydration?

Accepted Answer

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

Question 3

A tissue sample shows cells that are tall and narrow, arranged in a single layer, with numerous microvilli and goblet cells. Which type of epithelial tissue is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 4

Which equation best represents the process of osmosis across an epithelial membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta \Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a key structural difference between keratinized and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Keratinized epithelium has dead, keratin-filled cells at the surface.

Question 6

Which type of gland releases its product by exocytosis without loss of cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine (eccrine) gland

Question 7

A patient has a genetic defect in collagen synthesis. Which tissue type would be most affected by this defect?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 8

Which cellular morphology is best described as star-shaped with multiple processes extending from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Stellate

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why simple squamous epithelium is found lining alveoli in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

It permits rapid diffusion of gases due to its thin, flat cells.

Question 10

Which type of epithelial tissue is specialized for stretching and is found lining the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contraction

Question 12

Which type of cell junction allows ions and small molecules to pass directly from one cell to another, facilitating rapid communication?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

They bind water and contribute to the gel-like consistency of the matrix.

Question 14

A multicellular gland that releases its product by the rupture of entire cells is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Holocrine

Question 15

Which equation would you use to calculate the rate of simple diffusion of a solute across an epithelial membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Cells appear to be in multiple layers but all touch the basement membrane.

Question 17

Which type of epithelial tissue is most likely to be found in kidney tubules, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal; absorption and secretion

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

They anchor adjacent cells together and resist mechanical stress.

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

They release hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 20

A tissue sample from the esophagus shows multiple layers of cells with the surface cells being flat and alive. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Histology I: Introduction to Tissues and Epithelial Tissue

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