Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They create a seal that prevents substances from passing between adjacent cells.

Question 2

A biopsy reveals a tissue with multiple layers of flat, dead cells at the surface, which are filled with keratin. Which type of epithelium is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands release their products onto epithelial surfaces via ducts.

Question 4

A patient has a genetic defect affecting the production of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in their connective tissue. Which property of the extracellular matrix is most likely to be compromised?

Accepted Answer

The ability to resist compressive forces due to water retention

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, limiting the delivery of nutrients and removal of waste products.

Question 6

Which type of connective tissue proper is specialized for energy storage and insulation?

Accepted Answer

Adipose tissue

Question 7

A tissue sample shows cells with striations, multiple nuclei, and voluntary control. Which type of muscle tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

They trap water, making the ECM more resistant to compression.

Question 9

A patient presents with a disorder affecting the cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) in their tissues. Which of the following symptoms would most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Impaired ability of cells to stick together, leading to tissue fragility

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of transitional epithelium?

Accepted Answer

It is a multilayered epithelium that can stretch and is found lining the urinary bladder.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of reticular connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Forming supportive networks in lymphoid organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why dense regular connective tissue is well-suited for forming tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

It contains parallel bundles of collagen fibers that provide great tensile strength in one direction.

Question 13

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to cardiac muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains intercalated discs that allow rapid communication between cells.

Question 14

A patient with a mutation affecting the production of collagen fibers would most likely experience problems with which tissue function?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and tensile strength in connective tissues

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

They support, protect, and assist neurons.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why simple squamous epithelium is found lining the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

It allows for rapid diffusion of gases due to its thin, flat cells.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events for holocrine secretion in exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Secretory products accumulate in the cell, which then ruptures to release them.

Question 18

A patient with a disorder affecting desmosomes would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Loss of mechanical strength in tissues subject to stress, such as skin

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

They allow ions and small molecules to pass directly between adjacent cells, enabling coordinated contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following is a property of elastic cartilage that distinguishes it from hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

It contains abundant elastic fibers, allowing it to maintain shape after bending.

module 2 - a&p

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