Question 1

A histology slide shows cells that are tightly packed together with almost no visible extracellular matrix, and no blood vessels are present. Which tissue type is most likely being observed, and why?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue, because epithelial tissues are tightly packed, avascular, and lack visible ECM.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It consists of ground substance and protein fibers such as collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers.

Question 3

A tissue sample shows parallel bundles of collagen fibers with very few cells. Which tissue is this, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue; it provides tensile strength in one direction, such as in tendons.

Question 4

Which of the following is a key distinguishing feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium when viewed under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

Single layer of tall cells with nuclei at different heights and often cilia present.

Question 5

A patient suffers a deep skin wound. Which tissue type is most likely to regenerate quickly, and why?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue, because it has a high regeneration rate.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals slowly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks visible blood vessels, so nutrients and repair cells arrive slowly.

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the identification of adipose tissue on a histology slide?

Accepted Answer

It looks mostly empty with thin cell borders and nuclei pushed to the edge.

Question 8

Which membrane type lines body cavities that do NOT open to the exterior and secretes a watery fluid to reduce friction?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane

Question 9

A slide shows star-shaped cells with long extensions and supporting cells around them. Which tissue is this, and what is its main function?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue; it transmits electrical impulses for communication.

Question 10

Which of the following best distinguishes skeletal muscle from cardiac muscle under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle cells are striated and multinucleate, while cardiac muscle cells are striated, branching, and have intercalated discs.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of gland type and secretion method?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine gland; secretes substances through ducts to a surface.

Question 12

A tissue sample contains cells scattered in a fluid matrix with no visible fibers, and red cells are most numerous. Which tissue is this, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Blood; it transports gases, nutrients, and wastes.

Question 13

Which of the following is a common mistake when identifying tissues under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

Confusing cartilage with bone due to the presence of lacunae.

Question 14

Which connective tissue subtype is characterized by a network of branching fibers that forms the framework for organs like the spleen and lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Reticular connective tissue

Question 15

A slide shows concentric rings of matrix with cells in lacunae arranged around a central canal. Which tissue is this, and what is the name of the structural unit?

Accepted Answer

Bone; osteon

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why simple squamous epithelium is found lining air sacs in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Its thin, flat cells allow for rapid diffusion of gases.

Question 17

Which tissue type is most likely to form a scar after injury, and why?

Accepted Answer

Dense connective tissue, because it regenerates poorly and is replaced by fibrous tissue.

Question 18

A tissue sample shows cells with striations, branching, and intercalated discs. Which tissue is this, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle; it contracts to pump blood through the heart.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the arrangement and function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Many layers of flat cells; protects surfaces from abrasion.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between epithelial and connective tissues in membranes?

Accepted Answer

Membranes consist of epithelial tissue attached to underlying connective tissue.

Histology: The Study of Tissues (APHY 101 Chapter 4 Study Guide)

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