Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form a ring-like seal that prevents materials from passing between cells.

Question 2

A patient suffers from a genetic disorder that prevents the formation of gap junctions in cardiac muscle. Which of the following is the most likely physiological consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired synchronization of cardiac muscle contractions.

Question 3

Which of the following epithelial tissues is best adapted for rapid diffusion of gases, and where is it most likely found?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium; alveoli of the lungs

Question 4

Which of the following statements about connective tissue is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

The extracellular matrix determines the tissue's properties and function.

Question 5

A biopsy of a gland reveals cells that secrete hormones directly into the interstitial fluid, with no ducts present. Which type of gland is this?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine gland

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals slowly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and lacks a direct blood supply.

Question 7

Which connective tissue subtype is characterized by a matrix with abundant collagen fibers running in the same direction, and what is a common location for this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue; tendons

Question 8

A tissue sample shows cells with large, empty-looking spaces, very little matrix, and the ability to store triglycerides. Which tissue is this, and what is its main cell type?

Accepted Answer

Adipose connective tissue; adipocytes

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia allow for absorption and secretion; stratified epithelia provide protection.

Question 10

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down the matrix in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 11

A patient has a mutation that prevents the formation of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells will lose their attachment to underlying connective tissue.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the main function of glial cells in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support and protect neurons

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the vascularity of connective tissue subtypes?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, while bone is very vascular.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the composition of the ground substance in connective tissue matrix?

Accepted Answer

It consists of water and large organic molecules such as proteins and carbohydrates.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of glandular epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of substances such as hormones or mucus

Question 16

A tissue sample from the urinary bladder shows cells that change shape from cuboidal to squamous when stretched. What type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the epidermis of the skin is composed of stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

It provides protection against abrasion.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct pairing of connective tissue cell type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Chondrocyte – maintains cartilage matrix

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Form networks that support cells and other fibers

Question 20

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

Accepted Answer

All cells touch the basement membrane, but nuclei are at different levels.

Histology: The Study of Tissues – Structure, Types, and Functions

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