Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of keratin produced by keratinocytes in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Keratin waterproofs the skin and protects it from abrasion.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, swollen, and blistered, but sensation is intact. According to the classification of burns, which layers of the skin are affected?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis and upper dermis

Question 3

Which of the following structures is correctly matched with its location in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Merkel cells – stratum basale

Question 4

A surgeon is planning an incision along a cleavage (tension) line. Why is this important?

Accepted Answer

Incisions along cleavage lines reduce scarring and promote faster healing.

Question 5

Which of the following sweat glands is most responsible for thermoregulation and is found in high concentration on the palms, forehead, and soles?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine (merocrine) glands

Question 6

A child is diagnosed with rickets. Which of the following best explains the underlying cause and a classic symptom?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D deficiency; bowing of the legs

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone replaces hyaline cartilage, forming most bones of the body.

Question 8

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which type of bone fracture, and what is the underlying mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Spiral fracture; bone resorption outpaces deposition

Question 9

Which of the following correctly matches the bone cell with its function?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast – bone matrix deposition

Question 10

According to Wolff’s Law, what would you expect to happen to the bones of a tennis player’s dominant arm over time?

Accepted Answer

The bones would show increased density and thickness in response to stress.

Question 11

A patient has a plasma calcium level of 7 mg/dL. Which hormone is released, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone; stimulates osteoclasts to release calcium

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

They contain articular cartilage and synovial fluid.

Question 13

Which type of synovial joint allows for movement in multiple axes and is found in the shoulder and hip?

Accepted Answer

Ball and socket joint

Question 14

A 10-year-old child falls and suffers an incomplete break in the radius. What type of fracture is this, and why is it more common in children?

Accepted Answer

Greenstick fracture; children's bones are more flexible

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events in bone fracture healing?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the ABCD rule for melanoma detection?

Accepted Answer

A stands for 'Asymmetry', B for 'Border irregularity', C for 'Color variation', D for 'Diameter greater than 6 mm'

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between appositional and interstitial growth in cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth adds new layers to the outside; interstitial growth occurs from within by chondrocyte division.

Question 18

A patient presents with joint pain and swelling. Laboratory tests reveal uric acid crystals in the synovial fluid. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Gouty arthritis

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage lacks blood vessels and nerves, limiting nutrient delivery and repair.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a synovial joint type and its movement?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint – flexion and extension

Integumentary, Skeletal, and Joint Systems: Mini-Textbook Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards