$Q = m \times c \times \Delta T$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes

Question 2

A patient presents with a severe sunburn that has resulted in fluid-filled blisters. Which degree of burn does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 3

Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for the production of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 4

What is the main function of dendritic (Langerhans) cells in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Activation of immune responses

Question 5

Which pigment is responsible for the yellow-orange coloration of the skin and is used by the body to produce vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

Question 6

A person exposed to cold environmental temperatures experiences vasoconstriction in the skin. What is the physiological effect of this response?

Accepted Answer

Decreased skin temperature to conserve body heat

Question 7

Which layer of the epidermis contains cells that are actively dividing and is essential for regeneration of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 8

Which type of sweat gland is most abundant on the palms, soles, and forehead, and is primarily involved in temperature regulation?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine sweat gland

Question 9

A patient with liver failure develops jaundice. What is the underlying cause of the yellowish skin coloration?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of bilirubin in the skin

Question 10

Which structure anchors the skin to underlying muscle tissue and provides insulation and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Hypodermis

Question 11

A patient presents with a scaly, red lesion on the skin of the hand that has not healed for several months. Which type of skin cancer is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 12

Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin, such as the palms and soles, and consists of dead cells?

Accepted Answer

Stratum lucidum

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of sebum produced by sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

Kills bacteria and lubricates skin and hair

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of cells in the cuticle layer of hair, and why is it advantageous?

Accepted Answer

Cells are stacked like roof shingles, protecting the hair shaft

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between sweat loss and body temperature regulation?

Accepted Answer

$Q = m 	imes c 	imes \Delta T$

Question 16

A person with albinism has a genetic mutation affecting which protein, leading to a lack of melanin production?

Accepted Answer

Tyrosinase

Question 17

Which layer of the dermis is responsible for forming friction ridges, which are genetically determined and visible as fingerprints?

Accepted Answer

Papillary dermis

Question 18

Which type of cell in the epidermis produces keratin and is responsible for the protective qualities of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Keratinocyte

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why melanin migrates to the 'sunny side' of keratinocytes?

Accepted Answer

To protect nuclear DNA from UV damage

Question 20

A patient with a third-degree burn requires IV fluids and skin grafts. Which of the following best explains why these treatments are necessary?

Accepted Answer

Full thickness burns destroy skin barriers, leading to fluid loss and increased infection risk

Integumentary System: Structure and Function (Chapter 5 Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions