Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Sensory Receptors

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the stratum corneum in the epidermis?

A patient presents with a burn that has destroyed both the epidermis and the entire dermis, exposing underlying tissues. Which skin structures are most likely lost in the affected area?

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the density of sensory receptors ($D$), the area of skin tested ($A$), and the two-point threshold ($T$)? Assume that a higher density of receptors leads to a lower two-point threshold.