Question 1

Which of the following best contrasts anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy focuses on the structure of body parts, while physiology focuses on how those parts work.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of gross (macroscopic) anatomy?

Accepted Answer

Examining the bones of the arm with the naked eye.

Question 3

A patient is experiencing kidney failure. Which branch of physiology would most directly study this condition?

Accepted Answer

Renal physiology

Question 4

Which statement best describes the complementarity of structure and function?

Accepted Answer

The function of a body part is determined by its structure.

Question 5

Arrange the following levels of structural organization from simplest to most complex: tissue, organ, cell, organ system, chemical.

Accepted Answer

Chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the five survival needs of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Reproduction

Question 7

A person is exposed to extreme heat and begins to sweat. Which type of feedback mechanism is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 8

If the human body is approximately 60% water, how many liters of water would a 70 kg adult have, assuming 1 kg = 1 L of water?

Accepted Answer

$$70 	imes 0.60 = 42$$ liters

Question 9

Normal body temperature is approximately:

Accepted Answer

$$98.6$$ degrees F or $$37$$ degrees C

Question 10

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment.

Question 11

A patient has a blood glucose level that remains abnormally high despite insulin release. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Homeostatic imbalance

Question 12

Which directional term describes a structure that is closer to the head than another structure?

Accepted Answer

Superior

Question 13

If a surgeon makes a cut that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts, which plane is used?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the term 'viscera'?

Accepted Answer

The internal organs within the ventral body cavity

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the parietal pericardium?

Accepted Answer

The membrane that lines the cavity containing the heart

Question 16

A stab wound penetrates the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscle, but does not reach the bone. Which directional term best describes the location of the wound relative to the bone?

Accepted Answer

Superficial

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of serous fluid?

Accepted Answer

To reduce friction between organs

Question 18

A patient is lying face down on an examination table. What is this anatomical position called?

Accepted Answer

Prone

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between positive and negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback reverses a change, while positive feedback amplifies it.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum. Which body cavity is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Abdominopelvic cavity

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology: Foundational Concepts and Terminology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards