Question 1

Which anatomical plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions, and what is a cut in this plane called?

Accepted Answer

Transverse plane; cut is called a transverse section

Question 2

A patient is lying face up on an examination table. What is the anatomical term for this position?

Accepted Answer

Supine

Question 3

Which organ system is primarily responsible for distributing blood cells, water, nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular system

Question 4

Which of the following best describes negative feedback in homeostatic regulation?

Accepted Answer

The response of the effector negates the stimulus, bringing the body back to homeostasis

Question 5

Which layer of serous membrane lines the internal body wall of the abdominal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Parietal peritoneum

Question 6

If a person suffers damage to their sweat glands, which function of the integumentary system would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 7

Which organ system is responsible for producing immediate responses to stimuli and coordinating or moderating other organ systems?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Question 8

A cross-sectional image of the abdomen is taken using MRI. Which anatomical plane is this image most likely to represent?

Accepted Answer

Transverse plane

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Generates heat that maintains body temperature

Question 10

During homeostatic regulation, which component receives the stimulus and sends instructions to the effector?

Accepted Answer

Control center

Question 11

A tissue is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A group of cells working together

Question 12

Which function is shared by both the male and female reproductive systems?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes and hormones

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of autoregulation in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Automatic response in a cell, tissue, or organ to an environmental change

Question 14

A patient is experiencing difficulty absorbing nutrients and conserving water. Which organ system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestive system

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the concept of homeostasis as a state of equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$Opposing\ forces\ are\ in\ balance$

Question 16

If the response of an effector amplifies the original change in conditions, which type of feedback is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 17

Which organ system returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream and defends against infection and disease?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic system

Question 18

A cross section through the thoracic cavity would reveal which major organs?

Accepted Answer

Heart and lungs

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Adjusts metabolic activity and energy use

Question 20

A patient has a disorder affecting the parietal serosa of the thoracic cavity. Which structure is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

The membrane lining the chest wall

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide

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