Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy is the study of structure, and physiology is the study of function.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing difficulty in maintaining boundaries between internal and external environments. Which necessary life function is most directly compromised?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining boundaries

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature by sweating or shivering

Question 4

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{M}. $$What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why water is considered the most abundant chemical in the body and essential for life?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a solvent and site for chemical reactions.

Question 6

A tissue sample is observed to have closely packed cells with polarity, avascularity, and a high rate of regeneration. Which tissue type is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct sequence of structural organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 8

A patient with a severe burn loses the ability to sweat. Which homeostatic process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Thermoregulation via negative feedback

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of serous membranes (serosa) in the body?

Accepted Answer

They reduce friction between organs by secreting serous fluid.

Question 10

A solution contains $$0.9\%$$ NaCl (sodium chloride) in water. Which term best describes this solution in terms of concentration expression?

Accepted Answer

Percent (parts per 100 parts)

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of water that helps maintain homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

High heat of vaporization

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in calcium (Ca). Which category of elements does calcium belong to in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Lesser elements (about 3.9% of body mass)

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete products onto body surfaces or into body cavities.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why normal body temperature is critical for survival?

Accepted Answer

It affects the rate of chemical reactions in the body.

Question 15

A tissue sample is found to have cells separated by a nonliving extracellular matrix and varying degrees of vascularity. Which tissue type is this?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a polar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O ($$water)

Question 17

A patient is unable to sense and respond to stimuli. Which necessary life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Responsiveness

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the control center in a homeostatic control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Receives input from receptors and determines the appropriate response

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of connective tissue in the body?

Accepted Answer

Binding and support of other tissues

Question 20

A solution has a pH of $$8.5. $$Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is alkaline (basic).

Introduction to Anatomy, Physiology, and Histology

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