Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Controls perception, voluntary movement, consciousness, and works with the endocrine system to maintain homeostasis.

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the spinal cord at the level of the first cervical vertebra. Which of the following is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Communication between the brain and the body below the head and neck.

Question 3

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for carrying signals from the heart, lungs, and stomach to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Visceral sensory division of the PNS.

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the integrative function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

It analyzes sensory stimuli and determines an appropriate response, mostly in the CNS.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of neuroglial cells?

Accepted Answer

Support, protect, and maintain the environment around neurons.

Question 6

A neuron with a single axon and one dendrite, most commonly found in the retina and olfactory epithelium, is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Bipolar neuron.

Question 7

Which of the following structures is responsible for generating and conducting action potentials away from the cell body?

Accepted Answer

Axon.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about axonal transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

Anterograde transport moves substances away from the cell body at up to 400 mm/day.

Question 9

Which neuroglial cell type is primarily responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Assisting in the formation of the blood-brain barrier.

Question 11

A patient with a brain injury shows increased phagocytic activity and inflammation in the affected area. Which neuroglial cell is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Microglia.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the structural organization of neurons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ganglia are clusters of cell bodies in the PNS.

Question 13

Which process allows the nervous system to disregard about 99% of sensory data as unimportant?

Accepted Answer

Integrative function.

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the somatic motor division of the PNS?

Accepted Answer

It transmits signals to skeletal muscles and is voluntary.

Question 15

Which neuroglial cell type in the PNS is responsible for myelinating axons and aiding in axon repair?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells (Neurolemmocytes).

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct action potentials faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin acts as an insulator, allowing action potentials to 'jump' between nodes of Ranvier.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of ependymal cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Forming the blood-brain barrier.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about neurons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are long-lived and generally lose the ability to divide after development.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct pairing of neuron type and its function?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) neurons—carry signals toward the CNS.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of satellite cells in the PNS?

Accepted Answer

Surround and support neuron cell bodies, regulating the extracellular environment.

Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue (Chapter 11) – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards