Question 1

Which of the following best describes the anatomical divisions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

A patient suffers damage to the oligodendrocytes in their CNS. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Loss of myelin sheath formation in the brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Which type of glial cell acts as a phagocyte, removing debris and pathogens in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Microglia

Question 4

The functional divisions of the nervous system include sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) divisions. Which of the following correctly matches a division with its function?

Accepted Answer

Sensory (afferent) division carries stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 6

A neuron receives input through its dendrites and sends output through its axon. If the axon is damaged, which process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transmission of electrical impulses to target cells

Question 7

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between conduction velocity ($$v) $$and myelination in axons?

Accepted Answer

$$v \propto d 	imes m$$

Question 8

Which glial cell type lines the cavities of the brain and spinal cord and is involved in producing cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Ependymal cells

Question 9

A patient presents with multiple sclerosis, a disease characterized by demyelination in the CNS. Which cell type is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of astrocytes in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

They maintain the blood-brain barrier and support neuronal function

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct pairing of nervous system division and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor division: controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles

Question 12

Which structure on a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrites

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Myelin allows for saltatory conduction, where action potentials jump between nodes of Ranvier

Question 14

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of nodes of Ranvier ($$n) $$and the speed of impulse conduction ($$v) in a $$myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

$$v \propto \frac{1}{n}$$

Question 15

Which cell type in the PNS provides structural support and regulates the environment around neuron cell bodies?

Accepted Answer

Satellite cells

Question 16

A patient has a genetic mutation that prevents Schwann cells from functioning. Which of the following symptoms would most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Slowed nerve impulse conduction in the peripheral nervous system

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of neurons?

Accepted Answer

Forming myelin sheaths around axons

Question 18

Which of the following best describes gray matter in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regions containing neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated axons

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

It consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the nodes of Ranvier in a myelinated axon?

Accepted Answer

They allow action potentials to jump from node to node, increasing conduction speed

Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards