Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of synovial joints in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They serve as lubricating devices to reduce friction and allow smooth movement.

Question 2

What would most likely happen to a synovial joint if its lubricating function failed due to lack of synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Friction would increase, potentially overheating and destroying joint tissue.

Question 3

A patient presents with pain and swelling in the shoulder. Imaging reveals inflammation of the subacromial bursa. What is the most likely consequence of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Increased friction between the acromion and the humerus during movement.

Question 4

Which structure wraps around a tendon to reduce friction as the tendon moves, especially in areas of high stress?

Accepted Answer

Tendon sheath

Question 5

During a push-up, the humerus moves relative to the scapula, changing the angle between the bones. What type of movement is this?

Accepted Answer

Angular movement

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a basic type of movement allowed by synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Compression

Question 7

If the articular cartilage in a synovial joint is damaged, which process is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The ability of cartilages to ride on the slippery film of synovial fluid.

Question 8

Which equation best represents the relationship between force, area, and pressure in a synovial joint subjected to compressive forces?

Accepted Answer

$P = \frac{F}{A}$

Question 9

A bursa is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A flattened fibrous sac lined by a synovial membrane that reduces friction between body elements.

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates gliding movement at a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

The carpal bones sliding past each other in the wrist.

Question 11

Which structure in the shoulder joint is responsible for producing synovial fluid?

Accepted Answer

Synovial membrane

Question 12

A baseball pitcher repeatedly rotates his arm at the shoulder joint. Which type of movement is primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Rotation

Question 13

Which of the following statements about bursae and tendon sheaths is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are closed bags of lubricant that reduce friction between body elements.

Question 14

If a patient has inflammation of a tendon sheath, which movement is most likely to be painful?

Accepted Answer

Movement involving the tendon wrapped by the sheath.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why synovial joints are subjected to compressive forces?

Accepted Answer

Because opposing cartilages touch and fluid is squeezed out, allowing cartilages to ride on a slippery film.

Question 16

Which anatomical feature is NOT part of the synovial joint structure as shown in the shoulder joint diagram?

Accepted Answer

Bone marrow cavity

Question 17

A patient with osteoarthritis has thinning of the articular cartilage in the knee. What is the most direct effect on joint function?

Accepted Answer

Increased friction and decreased ability to ride on the slippery film of synovial fluid.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of layers from outside to inside in the shoulder joint capsule?

Accepted Answer

Fibrous layer, synovial membrane, joint cavity containing synovial fluid

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the articular cartilage in a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

It covers the ends of bones and allows them to ride on a slippery film of synovial fluid.

Joints: Structure and Function of Synovial Joints

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