Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration in a solution?

Accepted Answer

As pH decreases, hydrogen ion concentration increases.

Question 2

A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.20. Which of the following best describes their condition?

Accepted Answer

They are experiencing acidosis, which can disrupt cellular function.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10} [H^+]$$

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 3.5. Compared to a solution with a pH of 6.5, how much greater is the hydrogen ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

It is 1000 times greater.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why acid reflux can lead to tissue damage and potentially cancer over time?

Accepted Answer

Stomach acid is highly acidic (low pH), which can break down cellular structures in tissues not adapted to such acidity.

Question 6

According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

An acid is a substance that donates protons, and a base is a substance that accepts protons.

Question 7

Which of the following body fluids is expected to have the lowest pH under normal physiological conditions?

Accepted Answer

Gastric juice

Question 8

A student mixes a strong acid with a strong base in equal molar amounts. What is the expected result of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The solution will be neutral, and water and a salt will be produced.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an amphiprotic substance, as discussed in the Bronsted-Lowry theory?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$H_2O)$$

Question 10

If a solution changes the color of blue litmus paper to red, what can you infer about its pH?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic, with a pH below 7.

Question 11

A patient’s blood pH is measured at 7.50. Which of the following best describes this condition and its potential physiological impact?

Accepted Answer

The patient is experiencing alkalosis, which can lead to muscle spasms and convulsions.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why pH measurement is critical in clinical settings such as blood, urine, and saliva analysis?

Accepted Answer

pH measurements help identify deviations from homeostasis that may indicate metabolic or respiratory dysfunction.

Question 13

Which of the following is true regarding polyprotic acids?

Accepted Answer

They can donate more than one proton per molecule.

Question 14

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-8}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 8$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the clinical consequence of a significant deviation from normal blood pH?

Accepted Answer

It can damage cellular structures and disrupt molecular bonds, affecting organ function.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 2 is a strong acid.

Question 17

In the context of the Bronsted-Lowry theory, what is the role of sodium hydroxide ($$NaOH) in an $$acid-base reaction?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a proton acceptor.

Question 18

Which of the following real-life scenarios best illustrates the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base?

Accepted Answer

Taking an antacid to relieve heartburn caused by stomach acid.

Question 19

If a solution is a good conductor of electricity, which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

It contains a high concentration of ions, making it an electrolyte.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why water ($$H_2O) is $$considered amphiprotic?

Accepted Answer

It can both donate and accept protons, depending on the reaction.

Lab #2: pH Measurements – Acid-Base Balance in Human Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions