Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for closing the eyelids, such as during blinking or squinting?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty flexing their forearm at the elbow. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 3

Which structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them?

Accepted Answer

Corpus callosum

Question 4

During inhalation, which muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 5

If the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is damaged, which function is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Sensory function

Question 6

Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain?

Accepted Answer

II. Optic

Question 7

A lesion in the precentral gyrus would most likely result in which deficit?

Accepted Answer

Impaired voluntary motor control

Question 8

Which layer of the meninges is closest to the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Pia mater

Question 9

The myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system is formed by which cell?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cell

Question 10

Which muscle is part of the rotator cuff and is responsible for lateral rotation of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Infraspinatus

Question 11

A patient has difficulty abducting their arm. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 12

Which equation best represents the relationship between force ($$F$$), muscle cross-sectional area ($$A$$), and muscle tension ($$T$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$F = T 	imes A$$

Question 13

Which nerve structure surrounds individual axons within a nerve?

Accepted Answer

Endoneurium

Question 14

Damage to the medulla oblongata would most likely affect which function?

Accepted Answer

Basic life-sustaining functions (e.g., breathing, heart rate)

Question 15

Which muscle group is responsible for flexion of the knee?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Question 16

If a person cannot dorsiflex their foot, which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 17

Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling most of the muscles of facial expression?

Accepted Answer

VII. Facial

Question 18

Which equation describes the speed ($$v) of a $$nerve impulse as a function of myelination ($$m) $$and axon diameter ($$d$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$v = k 	imes m 	imes d$$

Question 19

A patient with damage to the cerebellum is most likely to experience which symptom?

Accepted Answer

Impaired coordination and balance

Question 20

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the cheeks, as in blowing or sucking?

Accepted Answer

Buccinator

Lab Exam 2 Study Guide: Muscles, Nervous System, and Brain Anatomy

Study Guide - Practice Questions