Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic vessels in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To return fluids that have escaped from the blood system back to the blood.

Question 2

A patient presents with swelling in the lower limbs due to blocked lymphatic vessels. Which property of lymphatic vessels explains why fluid accumulates in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels form a one-way network with valves, preventing backflow.

Question 3

Which lymphoid organ is primarily responsible for the destruction of aged red blood cells and acts as a lymph node for blood?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 4

During an immune response, dendritic cells play a crucial role by:

Accepted Answer

Capturing antigens and bringing them to lymph nodes.

Question 5

Which of the following is a specialized lymphatic capillary found in the intestine that absorbs digested fats?

Accepted Answer

Lacteal

Question 6

A child with a genetic defect resulting in an extreme deficit of B and T cells is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

The marking of an antigen for phagocytosis by macrophages.

Question 8

A patient is exposed to a virus and develops immunity after recovering from the infection. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired active immunity

Question 9

Which antibody class is most abundant in the blood and can cross the placenta to provide immunity to the fetus?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 10

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother through breast milk. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production

Question 12

A patient with multiple sclerosis is experiencing destruction of myelin in the brain and spinal cord. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disease

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of Class I MHC molecules?

Accepted Answer

They are found on all body cells except red blood cells and are involved in self/non-self recognition.

Question 14

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the rate of lymph flow ($$Q$$), pressure difference ($$\Delta P$$), and resistance ($$R) in $$the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = \frac{\Delta P}{R}$$

Question 15

A patient is suffering from a viral infection. Which immune molecule is most likely to inhibit viral replication and enhance the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Interferon

Question 16

Which of the following is a hallmark of the adaptive immune system?

Accepted Answer

Specificity and memory

Question 17

A person develops an allergic reaction after exposure to pollen. Which antibody class is primarily involved in this immediate hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

IgE

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events in phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion

Question 19

A patient receives a vaccine containing inactivated pathogens. Which type of immunity is being induced?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired active immunity

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the secondary immune response is faster and produces more antibodies than the primary response?

Accepted Answer

The presence of memory cells formed during the primary response.

Lymphatic and Immune System: Step-by-Step Study Guidance

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