Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They collect excess tissue fluid and proteins from loose connective tissue.

Question 2

Which mechanism does NOT contribute to the propulsion of lymph through collecting lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Pumping action of the heart

Question 3

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which region of the body would most likely experience impaired lymph drainage?

Accepted Answer

Left leg

Question 4

Which lymphoid organ is most active during childhood and atrophies with age?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the structure and function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Afferent lymphatic vessels enter the node, and efferent vessels exit at the hilum.

Question 6

Which cell type is responsible for directly attacking virus-infected cells and some cancer cells by inducing apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the role of MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

It is abundant in the walls of intestines and provides localized immune defense.

Question 8

A patient undergoes a mastectomy for breast cancer. Why is it important to examine the lymph nodes in the axillary region?

Accepted Answer

The axillary lymph nodes are a common site for metastasis via lymphatic vessels.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence for lymph flow from tissues back to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → collecting lymphatic vessels → lymph trunks → lymph ducts → veins

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the spleen's red pulp?

Accepted Answer

Disposal of worn-out red blood cells

Question 11

Which equation best represents the relationship between lymph flow ($$Q$$), pressure difference ($$\Delta P$$), and resistance ($$R) in a $$lymphatic vessel?

Accepted Answer

$$Q = \Delta P / R$$

Question 12

Which lymphoid organ is the usual site of tonsillectomy?

Accepted Answer

Palatine tonsil

Question 13

Which of the following statements about B lymphocytes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They become plasma cells that secrete antibodies.

Question 14

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of natural killer (NK) cells compared to B and T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

NK cells act when they detect a lack of 'self' in a cell.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of helper (CD4+) T cells in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They secrete cytokines to stimulate proliferation of B cells, cytotoxic T cells, and macrophages.

Question 16

Which lymphoid organ is responsible for the removal and destruction of old or defective blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the maturation of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes mature in the bone marrow, while T lymphocytes mature in the thymus.

Question 18

Which of the following structures is rich in lymphoid tissue and is a tubular offshoot of the cecum?

Accepted Answer

Vermiform appendix

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the lymphatic system's direction of flow?

Accepted Answer

Lymph flows only toward the heart.

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the white pulp of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of bloodborne antigens

Lymphatic & Immune Systems: Structure and Function

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