Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for metabolic regulation

Question 2

A patient has swelling in their right upper extremity due to lymphatic obstruction. Which lymphatic duct is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Right Lymphatic Duct

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between innate and adaptive immune defenses?

Accepted Answer

Innate defenses include surface barriers and inflammation, while adaptive defenses involve 'lock-and-key' recognition for foreign molecules.

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

Accepted Answer

It has memory, specificity, and self-tolerance.

Question 5

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system fails to distinguish self from non-self. Which of the following is NOT an example of an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

Influenza

Question 6

Which lymphoid organs are considered primary, and what is their main function?

Accepted Answer

Thymus and red bone marrow; they are sites where lymphocytes become immunocompetent and self-tolerant

Question 7

During clonal selection, what happens when an antigen binds to a specific cell-surface receptor on a B or T cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell becomes a memory cell or an effector/regulatory cell

Question 8

Which of the following statements about B lymphocytes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They produce antibodies that neutralize antigens and tag them for destruction

Question 9

A patient is unable to produce cytotoxic T cells. Which immune function would be most impaired?

Accepted Answer

Direct killing of infected and tumor cells

Question 10

Which antibody structure feature allows it to bind specifically to one antigen?

Accepted Answer

The variable (V) region of the light and heavy chains

Question 11

If the lymphatic system fails to return leaked tissue fluid to the blood vessels, which of the following conditions is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Edema

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why immunocompetent lymphocytes exhibit specificity?

Accepted Answer

They can only bind to one or a few similar antigens due to their unique antigen receptors

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pathway for lymph flow in the body?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → lymphatic vessels → lymphatic trunks → lymphatic ducts → heart

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-world example of adaptive immunity malfunction?

Accepted Answer

A person with rheumatoid arthritis experiences joint inflammation due to immune attack on self-tissues

Question 15

Which formula best represents the structure of an antibody monomer?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2L_2$$

Question 16

If a person’s adaptive immune system loses self-tolerance, which process is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Development of autoimmunity

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the maturation of B and T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

B cells mature in the red bone marrow, while T cells mature in the thymus

Question 18

A patient’s blood test shows high levels of IgG antibodies. What does this most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Recent exposure to a pathogen and a secondary immune response

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of plasma cells?

Accepted Answer

Producing antibodies that neutralize antigens

Question 20

Which equation best represents the relationship between antigen specificity and antibody binding?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Antibody} + 	ext{Antigen} ightarrow 	ext{Antibody-Antigen Complex}$$

Physiology week 11 (exam 3)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards