Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries compared to blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries absorb interstitial fluid and large molecules from tissues, while blood capillaries primarily exchange gases and nutrients.

Question 2

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of memory B cells. Which of the following would most likely be impaired in this patient?

Accepted Answer

The ability to mount a rapid and robust secondary immune response upon re-exposure to the same antigen.

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why cytotoxic T cells are able to target and destroy virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

They recognize viral antigens presented on MHC-I molecules and induce apoptosis in the infected cell.

Question 4

Which of the following is a key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Adaptive immunity is specific to particular antigens, while innate immunity provides a general defense.

Question 5

A person receives an injection of antibodies against rabies after being bitten by a potentially rabid animal. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Passive artificial immunity

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

APCs process and present antigens on their surface using MHC molecules to activate T cells.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of blood to remove old or damaged erythrocytes and pathogens

Question 8

A patient with a deficiency in complement proteins would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impaired opsonization and lysis of bacteria, leading to increased susceptibility to infections

Question 9

Which antibody class is most abundant in body secretions such as saliva, tears, and breast milk, and provides protection at mucosal surfaces?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process by which interstitial fluid enters lymphatic capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Fluid enters through one-way mini-valves that open when interstitial pressure exceeds lymphatic pressure.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why vaccination is effective in preventing infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the production of memory cells that enable a rapid secondary immune response upon exposure to the pathogen.

Question 12

Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for antigen presentation to helper T cells via MHC-II molecules?

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Question 13

A patient with HIV-1 infection is most likely to have a deficiency in which type of immune cell, leading to the development of AIDS?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells (CD4+)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between cell-mediated and antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity?

Accepted Answer

Cell-mediated immunity involves T cells directly attacking infected or abnormal cells, while antibody-mediated immunity involves B cells producing antibodies.

Question 15

Which of the following is a primary function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Filtration of lymph and activation of immune responses

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of inflammation in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

It increases blood flow and vascular permeability, allowing immune cells and proteins to access the affected tissue.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of a secondary immune response compared to a primary immune response?

Accepted Answer

It is faster and produces a larger quantity of antibodies due to the presence of memory cells.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A disease in which self-reactive T cells and B cells attack the body's own tissues.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the importance of MHC-I and MHC-II molecules in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

MHC-I molecules present endogenous antigens to cytotoxic T cells, while MHC-II molecules present exogenous antigens to helper T cells.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the pathway for lymph to return to the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Lymph flows from lymphatic capillaries to lymphatic vessels, through lymph nodes, into lymphatic trunks, and finally into the subclavian veins.

Lymphatic System and Immunity Study Guide (ANP College Level)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards