$\text{Atomic mass} = n(\text{Protons}) + n(\text{Neutrons})$

Question 1

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the atomic number of an element, and what is its charge?

Accepted Answer

Proton; positive charge

Question 2

A carbon atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is its atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

$12$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 4

Which element is NOT one of the four major elements found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Question 5

A solution is formed when salt is dissolved in water. In this example, which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

Water

Question 6

Which type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 7

Radioisotopes are used in medical imaging because they:

Accepted Answer

Emit high-energy radiation as they decay

Question 8

Which statement about valence electrons is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons determine an atom's chemical reactivity

Question 9

Which of the following is a property of colloids?

Accepted Answer

Particles are evenly distributed and do not settle out

Question 10

If an atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons, what is its charge and atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

Charge: $+1$, Atomic mass: $23$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?

Accepted Answer

A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom

Question 12

Which of the following mixtures would be classified as a suspension?

Accepted Answer

Sand in water

Question 13

What is the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

Cations are positively charged; anions are negatively charged

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a polar covalent bond in biology?

Accepted Answer

Bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water ($H_2O$)

Question 15

A patient receives iodine-131 for thyroid treatment. What property of this isotope makes it suitable for therapy?

Accepted Answer

It emits radiation that can destroy overactive thyroid cells

Question 16

Which equation correctly calculates the atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Atomic mass} = n(	ext{Protons}) + n(	ext{Neutrons})$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why water is a good solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar, allowing it to surround and separate positive and negative ions

Question 18

Which of the following statements about radioisotopes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Radioisotopes do not produce ions or free radicals

Question 19

Which type of bond is the strongest among those found in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Non-polar covalent bond

Question 20

A molecule of methane ($CH_4$) is formed by sharing electrons equally between carbon and hydrogen atoms. What type of bond is present?

Accepted Answer

Non-polar covalent bond

Matter, Energy & Bonds: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions