Q: Which of the following is an example of secondary active transport?

Glucose transport into intestinal cells via Na\textsuperscript{+}-glucose symporter

Q: Which statement best describes the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

It is primarily established by the Na\textsuperscript{+}/K\textsuperscript{+} ATPase pump and selective permeability to K\textsuperscript{+}.

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between active and passive transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy input, usually in the form of ATP, to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their gradient.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will swell and may burst as water enters the cell.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents Fick's Law of Diffusion?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{\Delta C}{\Delta x}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Glucose transport into intestinal cells via Na	extsuperscript{+}-glucose symporter

Question 5

Which statement best describes the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

Accepted Answer

It is primarily established by the Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} ATPase pump and selective permeability to K	extsuperscript{+}.

Question 6

Which of the following transport mechanisms is most likely to be used for the uptake of large particles such as bacteria by immune cells?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis (a type of endocytosis)

Question 7

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic compared to their blood plasma. What will happen to their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

The cells will shrink as water leaves the cells.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between channel proteins and carrier proteins in facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins allow rapid movement of ions or water through open pores, while carrier proteins undergo conformational changes to move specific molecules across the membrane.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a feature of primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Utilization of the energy stored in ion gradients created by other pumps

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 11

Which equation would you use to calculate the net rate of diffusion of a solute across a membrane according to Fick's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$J = D \frac{\Delta C}{\Delta x}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of transcytosis?

Accepted Answer

Transport of antibodies across the capillary endothelium

Question 13

Which of the following statements about equilibrium potential is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the membrane potential at which there is no net movement of a particular ion across the membrane.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why the Na	extsuperscript{+}/K	extsuperscript{+} ATPase pump is considered primary active transport?

Accepted Answer

It uses the energy from ATP hydrolysis to move Na	extsuperscript{+} and K	extsuperscript{+} against their concentration gradients.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct example of secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Na	extsuperscript{+}-glucose symporter in the intestinal epithelium

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell releases substances to the extracellular space by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane.

Question 17

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will remain the same size as there is no net movement of water.

Question 18

Which of the following is a major function of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the movement of ions and molecules to maintain internal balance.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the concept of an electrochemical gradient?

Accepted Answer

It is the combined effect of concentration gradient and electrical potential across a membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It uses specific membrane proteins to move molecules down their concentration gradient.

Membrane Dynamics and Transport Mechanisms (Chapter 5 Study Guide)

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