Question 1

Which term best describes the process when the inside of a neuron's membrane becomes less negative, moving from $-90\ \mathrm{mV}$ to $-10\ \mathrm{mV}$?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 2

During an action potential, which phase is characterized by a temporary increase in membrane potential above the resting value?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 3

If a neuron is at rest and the inside of its membrane is at $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$, what is this state called?

Accepted Answer

Polarization

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the repolarization phase of an action potential?

Accepted Answer

The membrane potential returns to its resting value after becoming more positive.

Question 5

A neuron receives a stimulus that causes a temporary decrease in membrane potential. Which phase does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 6

Which of the following correctly matches the phase with its effect on membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Repolarization: membrane potential returns to resting value

Question 7

What is the main difference between graded potentials and action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Graded potentials vary in size and can summate, while action potentials are all-or-none.

Question 8

A patient’s neuron is observed to have a membrane potential of $-80\ \mathrm{mV}$, which is more negative than the typical resting potential. What term best describes this state?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 9

During which phase of the action potential does the membrane potential rapidly increase from negative to positive values?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 10

If the inside of a neuron’s membrane becomes more negative than its resting potential, which process has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the sequence of events during an action potential?

Accepted Answer

Polarization → Depolarization → Repolarization → Hyperpolarization

Question 12

A neuron at rest has a membrane potential of $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$. After stimulation, the membrane potential changes to $+30\ \mathrm{mV}$. Which phase does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 13

Which phase of the action potential is responsible for restoring the membrane potential to its resting value after depolarization?

Accepted Answer

Repolarization

Question 14

A neuron’s membrane potential changes from $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$ to $-90\ \mathrm{mV}$. What is this change called?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

It is maintained by the sodium-potassium pump.

Question 16

A neuron is stimulated and its membrane potential moves closer to zero. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the effect of hyperpolarization on a neuron’s ability to fire an action potential?

Accepted Answer

It decreases the likelihood of firing.

Question 18

If a neuron’s membrane potential returns from $+30\ \mathrm{mV}$ to $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$, which phase is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Repolarization

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of graded potentials?

Accepted Answer

They are all-or-none.

Question 20

A neuron’s membrane potential is measured at $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$, then drops to $-90\ \mathrm{mV}$ before returning to $-70\ \mathrm{mV}$. Which phases are represented in this sequence?

Accepted Answer

Hyperpolarization followed by repolarization

Membrane Potentials and Signal Transmission in Neurons

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