Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for the percentage of body surface area affected by burns using the rule of nines?

$$\text{Total Burned Area} = (\text{Number of Areas} \times 9\%) + 1\% \text{(perineum)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the cutaneous membrane?

Accepted Answer

It is a dry membrane forming the outermost protective boundary of the body.

Question 2

Which layer of the skin is primarily responsible for anchoring the skin to underlying organs and acts as a shock absorber?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis)

Question 3

A patient presents with a burn that is red, painful, and blistered, but regrowth of the epithelium is possible. Which type of burn does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Second-degree burn

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 5

Which type of membrane lines the compartments in the ventral body cavity that are closed to the exterior and occurs in pairs separated by serous fluid?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane

Question 6

A patient has a skin lesion that is asymmetrical, has irregular borders, multiple colors, and a diameter larger than 6 mm. Which type of skin cancer is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Malignant melanoma

Question 7

Which of the following glands is responsible for producing sebum, which makes skin soft and moist and prevents hair from becoming brittle?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous gland

Question 8

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for ongoing mitosis and is the deepest layer?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 9

Which pigment is produced by melanocytes and is responsible for skin color ranging from yellow to brown to black?

Accepted Answer

Melanin

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of synovial membranes?

Accepted Answer

They secrete a lubricating fluid to cushion organs moving against each other during muscle activity.

Question 11

A patient with third-degree burns over 12% of their body is considered to have a critical burn. Which formula is used to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected?

Accepted Answer

Rule of nines

Question 12

Which structure in the dermis is responsible for deep pressure sensation?

Accepted Answer

Lamellar corpuscles

Question 13

Which of the following is a connective tissue membrane that contains only loose areolar connective tissue and lines fibrous capsules surrounding joints?

Accepted Answer

Synovial membrane

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of eccrine sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

Open via duct to sweat pores on the skin's surface and function in body temperature regulation

Question 15

Which layer of the epidermis is only present in thick, hairless skin such as the palms and soles?

Accepted Answer

Stratum lucidum

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life example of the protective function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Keratinized epidermis prevents water loss and blocks entry of harmful chemicals

Question 17

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of extensive burns that destroy both the epidermis and dermis?

Accepted Answer

Painless area requiring skin grafts

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible reason why skin cancer risk increases with age?

Accepted Answer

Skin loses elasticity and thins, making it more susceptible to UV damage

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why apocrine sweat glands are associated with body odor?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria metabolize the fatty acids and proteins in their secretions.

Question 20

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation for the percentage of body surface area affected by burns using the rule of nines?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Burned Area} = (	ext{Number of Areas} 	imes 9\%) + 1\% 	ext{(perineum)}$$

Membranes and the Integumentary System: Structure and Function

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