Q: Which equation correctly represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in skeletal muscle?

$$\text{C}_6\text{H}_{12}\text{O}_6 + 6\text{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\text{CO}_2 + 6\text{H}_2\text{O} + 36\text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It facilitates the release of acetylcholine, which binds to receptors on the sarcolemma, initiating an action potential in the muscle fiber.

Question 2

During muscle contraction, which of the following changes occur in the sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

The Z-discs move closer together as the I band and H zone decrease in width.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the net ATP yield from aerobic cellular respiration of one glucose molecule in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6 + 6	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 6	ext{CO}_2 + 6	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 36	ext{ATP}$$

Question 4

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to a defect in the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Which step in excitation-contraction coupling is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Generation of the action potential in the sarcolemma.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones

Question 6

Which arrangement of fascicles is best suited for closing an opening, such as the orbicularis oris muscle?

Accepted Answer

Circular

Question 7

In a third-class lever system, such as the biceps brachii flexing the forearm, which of the following is the correct arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Fulcrum-effort-load

Question 8

Which muscles form the quadriceps group?

Accepted Answer

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Question 9

Which neuroglia cell is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 10

A neuron has a resting membrane potential of $$-70\ 	ext{mV}. If $$sodium channels open, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

The membrane will depolarize as sodium ions enter the cell.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the thalamus?

Accepted Answer

Acts as a relay station for sensory information to the cerebral cortex

Question 12

Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for processing visual information?

Accepted Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct order of the meninges from outermost to innermost?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 14

A patient suffers a stroke affecting Broca’s area. Which deficit is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Loss of ability to produce coherent speech

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It prevents harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream.

Question 16

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 17

During an action potential, which channels open first and what is the direction of ion flow?

Accepted Answer

Sodium channels open first; sodium flows into the cell.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of a second-class lever in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Standing on tiptoe (gastrocnemius muscle)

Question 19

If a muscle fiber is stimulated at a high frequency, which of the following best describes the resulting contraction?

Accepted Answer

Complete tetanus

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the sliding filament model is correct?

Accepted Answer

Myosin heads bind to actin and pull the thin filaments toward the M line, shortening the sarcomere.

Muscle and Nervous System Essentials: Study Guide for BSC 2085 (Chapters 9-12)

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