Question 1

Which property of muscle cells allows them to return to their original length after being stretched?

Accepted Answer

Elasticity

Question 2

A patient presents with muscle weakness and difficulty climbing stairs. Genetic testing reveals a mutation in the dystrophin gene. Which muscle tissue is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle tissue

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the structure of skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Long, thin, striated, multinucleated

Question 4

What is the function of the endomysium in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

It transmits tension between muscle cells.

Question 5

Which muscle tissue type is found only in the heart and contains intercalated discs?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle tissue

Question 6

During muscle contraction, which band of the sarcomere remains unchanged?

Accepted Answer

A band

Question 7

Which protein forms the thick filaments in myofibrils and has two globular heads?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Question 8

What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

It covers the active sites on actin at rest.

Question 9

Which property of muscle cells allows them to respond to a chemical, mechanical, or electrical stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Excitability (Responsivity)

Question 10

A muscle fiber is stimulated by the nervous system and contracts. Which organelle stores and releases calcium ions necessary for this process?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide toward the M line.

Question 12

Which equation best represents the relationship between force generation and sarcomere shortening in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$F \propto \Delta L_{sarcomere}$

Question 13

Which muscle tissue type is responsible for regulating the flow of materials through hollow organs?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle tissue

Question 14

What is the primary function of the Z disc in a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

It anchors thin filaments and marks the boundary of a sarcomere.

Question 15

Which of the following is a structural difference between skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated; cardiac muscle fibers usually have a single nucleus.

Question 16

Which protein is defective in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, leading to muscle fiber death?

Accepted Answer

Dystrophin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of myofilaments in the A band of a sarcomere?

Accepted Answer

Both thick and thin filaments are present.

Question 18

Which property of muscle cells allows them to conduct electrical charge across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Conductivity

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of muscle tension in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Generating heat

Question 20

Which structure in a skeletal muscle fiber forms tunnel-like networks filled with extracellular fluid and is involved in conducting electrical impulses?

Accepted Answer

T-tubules

Muscle Tissue and Physiology: Structure, Types, and Properties - 10.1-10.2

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