Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a major function of muscle tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 2

Which structural element is common to all types of muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of contractile proteins actin and myosin

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the sarcomere's regulatory proteins. Which proteins are most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Troponin and tropomyosin

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments, shortening the sarcomere

Question 5

What is the primary immediate energy source for muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the breakdown of creatine phosphate to regenerate ATP during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Creatine\ phosphate + ADP \rightarrow Creatine + ATP}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the resting membrane potential of a skeletal muscle fiber?

Accepted Answer

The inside of the cell is more negative than the outside due to the distribution of ions

Question 8

During an action potential in a skeletal muscle fiber, which ion rapidly enters the cell to initiate depolarization?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ($$\mathrm{Na^+})$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

It transmits the action potential from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber

Question 10

A patient is unable to relax their skeletal muscles after contraction. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Reuptake of calcium ions into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a motor unit?

Accepted Answer

A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

Question 12

Endurance training primarily increases which of the following in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial density

Question 13

Which of the following is a key difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are connected by intercalated discs

Question 14

Which process provides the most ATP for sustained muscle contraction during aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the contraction process in smooth muscle compared to skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle contraction is slower and can be maintained longer

Question 16

A muscle fiber is exposed to a toxin that blocks acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

The muscle fiber will not contract in response to nerve stimulation

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Action potential → Calcium release → Cross-bridge formation → Contraction

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why muscle fatigue occurs during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Depletion of ATP and accumulation of metabolic byproducts

Question 19

Which of the following is a property unique to smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Ability to undergo hyperplasia (increase in cell number)

Question 20

A patient is prescribed a drug that increases potassium ion permeability in skeletal muscle fibers. What is the most likely effect on the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

The resting membrane potential will become more negative (hyperpolarized)

Muscle Tissue and Physiology: Structured Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards